Discuss the role of the laboratory in the diagnosis, classification Essay

Discuss the role of the laboratory in the diagnosis, classification and monitoring of the Myelodysplastic syndromes - raise ExampleThe main pathophysiology in this condition is that the hematopoietic stem cells do not mature in a proper fashion to healthy erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets resulting in low counts of mature cells and abnormal morphology. Thus at that place are many immature cells which do not function in a proper vogue leading to some(prenominal) complications.MDS an be primary or secondary. Secondary MDS piece of tail elapse due to several causes standardized exposure to radiotherapy or cytotoxic chemotherapy for another cancer, intensive pretreatment for patients with autologous bone spirit transplants, viral infection, genetic predisposition or exposure to chemicals like benzene (Emmanuel and Woermann, 2009, Nguyen, 2009). Exposure to heavy metals like lead and mercury can also result in this condition (National Cancer Institute, 2010).80-90 percent of cases occur in those who are above 60 years of age (American Cancer Society, 2010). The incidence is men in at least 2 times more than in women (Emmanuel and Woermann, 2009). The condition is found worldwide and affects all(prenominal) races and ethnic groups (Emmanuel and Woermann, 2009).The condition is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. More than 30 percent cases of MDS transform in subtile leukemia (National Cancer Institute, 2010). Survival following the diagnosis of MDS is variable and dependent on the prognostic factors (Stone, 2009). The selection can occur from months to years (National Cancer Institute, 2010). In children, the course of the illness is more aggressive and the mean survival is less than 10 months (Tilak et al, 2008).In many patients, MDS is often detected late due to absence of primaeval symptoms. In some others, routine hematological examination may reveal the condition. Those who have advanced disease present with signs and symptoms related to the cytopenias like shortness of breath, pallor, easy fatigability, easy bruising, uncontrollable bleeding, shit petechiae, fever and frequent infections (National Cancer